Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Metal Foams and Porous Metal Structures (MetFoam'99)
Bremen (Germany), 14.-16. June 1999
420 pages
Contents
Preface 1"The past few years have seen increasing interest in porous metallic materials, especially in foams made of aluminium or aluminium alloys. The stimulus for this lies in recent process developments which promise materials with better quality and lower cost. Moreover, the environment for the application of new materials of this type has greatly changed. Nowadays higher demands for passenger safety in automobiles or for easy materials recycling make metal foams attractive where, a few years ago, the same materials would have been ruled out for technical or economical reasons.
The conference "MetFoam ‘99" held in Bremen in June 1999 provided a forum for researchers active on the field of porous metallic materials as well as for industrial materials engineers and product designers seeking new materials to solve specific problems. MetFoam’99 focused on the advances of production and manufacturing technologies for metal foams, on the understanding of the fundamental relationships between their structure and their properties, and on the exploration of potential applications. With about 150 participants from 18 different countries the conference was a very successful event. The 65 papers in the book represent the current knowledge of most of the researchers who currently work in this fast growing research area. The editors wish to provide a valuable reference manual for these researchers in their future work."
Applications and Industrial Use
Automotive applications
Aluminium foam for automotive applications
5
A. Fuganti, L. Lorenzi, A.G. Hanssen, M. Langseth
Derivation of materials energy absorption requirements from crash
situations 13
J.E. Siebels
Manufacturing and testing of aluminium foam structural parts for
passenger cars demonstrated by example of a rear intermediate panel
23
R. Kretz, E. Hombergsmeier, K. Eipper
Application strategies for aluminium-foam-sandwich parts (AFS)
29
H.-W. Seeliger
Aluminium foams for energy absorbing structures under axial loading
37
C. Haberling, H.G. Haldenwanger, T. Bernard, J. Burzer, H.W. Bergmann
Application and cost studies
Multifunctionality of cellular metal systems
45
A.G. Evans, J.W. Hutchinson
Cost modelling for the fabrication of aluminium foam via powder metallurgical
route 57
H. Kaufmann, B. Konrad, R. Kretz
Cost estimation and the viability of metal foams
63
E. Maine, M.F. Ashby
Production and Processing
Powder compact method
Industrialisation of P/M foaming process
73
F. Baumgärtner, H. Gers
Foamed aluminium cores for aluminium castings
79
T. Höpler, F. Schörghuber, F. Simancík
A novel melt-based route to aluminium foam production
83
V. Gergely, T.W. Clyne
Numerical simulation of foam formation and evolution with modified
cellular automata 91
C. Körner, R.F. Singe
Foaming kinetics of aluminium alloys
97
I. Duarte, P. Weigand, J. Banhart
Effect of foaming parameters on the pore size
105
F. Simancík, N. Mináriková, S. Culák, J.
Kovácik
Characteristics and handling of titanium hydride
109
R. Kresse
Production technology for aluminium foam/steel sandwiches
113
J. Baumeister
Tailored blanks based on foamable aluminium sandwich material
119
R. Braune, A. Otto
Foaming of liquids and casting
Aluminium foam "Alporas": the production process, properties and
applications 125
T. Miyoshi, M. Itoh, S. Akiyama, A. Kitahara
Aluminium foam produced by the melt foaming route - process, properties
and applications 133
P. Åsholt
Interfacial criteria for ceramic particle stabilised metallic foams
141
G. Kaptay
Processing of cellular magnesium materials
147
Y.Yamada, K. Shimojima, Y. Sakaguchi, M. Mabuchi, M. Nakamura, T. Asahina,
T. Mukai, H. Kanahashi, K. Higashi
Investment cast near net shape components based on cellular metal
materials 153
C. Hintz, I. Wagner, P.R. Sahm, P. Stoyanov
Properties and applications of cast aluminium sponges
159
J. Banhart
Preparation, structure control and acoustic properties of porous
aluminium with open cells
163
F. Chen, D.P. He
Sintering methods
Porous metal structures made by sintering: processes and applications
167
P. Neumann
Stainless steel hollow sphere foams - fabrication, carburization,
and properties 171
J.L. Clark, K.M. Hurysz, K.J. Lee , J.K. Cochran, T.H. Sanders
Fabrication and microstructure of metal-metal syntactic foams
179
J.H. Nadler, K.M. Hurysz, J.L. Clark, J.K. Cochran, K.J. Lee, T.H.
Sanders
Novel metallic hollow sphere structures: processing and properties
183
O. Andersen, U. Waag, L. Schneider, G. Stephani, B. Kieback
Novel process for cellular materials with oriented structure
189
L. Tuchinskiy, R. Loutfy
Preparation and characterisation of high porosity titanium-, stainless
steel- and superalloy parts
197
M. Bram, C. Stiller, H.P. Buchkremer, D. Stöver, H. Bauer
Pore formation during reactive sintering of iron-aluminium powder
mixtures 203
M. Knüwer
Characterisation and Properties
Structure
On the non-destructive testing of metal foams
213
H.P. Degischer, A. Kottar
Deformation heterogeneity in cellular Al alloys revealed by surface
deformation analysis 221
A.-F. Bastawros, A.G. Evans
Characterisation of cast and compressed foam structures by combined
2D-3D analysis 227
F. Grote, A.Schievenbusch
Desktop X-ray microtomography for studies of metal foams
233
E. Cornelis, A. Kottar, A. Sasov , D. Van Dyck
Static Deformation
Reproducibility of aluminium foam properties
235
F. Simancík
Deformation behaviour of aluminium foam under uniaxial compression
(a case study) 241
B. Kriszt, B. Foroughi, K. Faure, H.P. Degischer
Multi-axial yield of aluminium alloy foams
247
V. Deshpande, N.A. Fleck
On the behaviour of aluminium foams under uniaxial and multiaxial
loading 255
W. Ehlers, H. Müllerschön, O. Klar
Mechanical behaviour of aluminium foams for various deformation paths.
Experiment and modelling
263
Y. Chastel, E. Hudry, S. Forest, C. Peytour
Failure mechanisms of aluminium foams under compressive loads
269
E. Saenz, A. Villate, I. Garuz, A.M. Irisarri, G. Rausch, M. Weber
Modelling of the mechanical properties of metallic foams based on
X-ray analysis 277
J. Burzer, T. Bernard, H.W. Bergmann, O. Damm
Influence of micro - and meso-topological properties on the crash-worthiness
of aluminium foams 283
T. Daxner, H.J. Boehm, F.G. Rammerstorfer
On the mechanical properties of steel foams
289
C.-J. Yu, T.D. Claar, H.H. Eifert, M. Knüwer, M. Weber, J.C. Runkle
Elastic properties of cellular metals processed by sintering mats
of fibres 293
F. Delannay, T.W. Clyne
FE simulation of metal foams based on the macroscopic approach of
the theory of porous media
299
W. Ehlers, A. Droste
Modelling of the aluminium foam properties according to percolation
theory 303
J. Kovácik, F. Simancík
Behaviour of composite structures
Sandwich panel design using aluminium alloy foam
307
A.-M. Harte, N.A. Fleck, M.F. Ashby
Aluminium foam filled steel tubes as composite shock absorbers
313
R. Gradinger, M. Seitzberger, F.G. Ramerstorfer, H.P. Degischer, M.
Blaimschein, C. Walch
Bending and bulging tests on steel sheet / aluminium foam sandwiches
317
H. von Hagen, W. Bleck
Optimum design of metal foam in sandwich structures using genetic
algorithm 325
J. Deocon, L. Salvo, P. Lemoine, D. Landru , Y. Bréchet, R.
Leriche
Microstructure and mechanical properties of cellular magnesium matrix
composites 331
M. Hartmann, I. Crößmann, K. Reindel, R.F. Singer
Bending crush behaviour of foam-filled sections
337
S. Santosa, J. Banhart, T. Wierzbicki
Dynamic loading, fatigue and fracture
Deformation energy absorption of metal foams at high strain rates
347
C.-J. Yu, T.D. Claar, H.H. Eifert, I.W. Hall, R.E. Franz, K.T. Leighton,
D.F. Hasson
Energy absorption of light-weight metallic foams under dynamic loading
353
T. Mukai, H. Kanahashi, K. Higashi, Y. Yamada, K. Shimojima, M. Mabuchi,
T. Miyoshi, T.G. Nieh,
The effect of impact velocity on the deformation of layered metal
foam/ceramic composites
359
A.E. Markaki, T.W. Clyne
Fatigue of an aluminium alloy foam
365
O.B. Olurin, N.A. Fleck, M.F. Ashby
Fatigue of aluminium foams at ultrasonic frequencies
373
B. Zettel, S. Stanzl-Tschegg
Fatigue behaviour, strength and failure of aluminium foam
379
O. Schultz, A. des Ligneris, O. Haider, P. Starke
Fracture toughness of honeycombs
387
I. Schmidt, N.A. Fleck
Thermal, acoustic and damping properties
Thermal transport and fire retardance properties of cellular metals
391
T.J. Lu, C. Chen
A finite element model updating approach intended to simulate vibro-acoustic
behaviour of Al-foam structure
397
A. Zopp, F.G. Kollmann
Noise attenuation using aluminium foams
405
J. Kovácik, P. Tobolka, F. Simancík
Acoustical investigation of sintered highly porous metal fibre structures
as sound absorbers 409
F. Albracht, G. Lotze
The damping performance of porous aluminium (PA) and porous aluminium-polymer
composites (PAPCs) 413
D.P. He, F. Chen, L.Q. Ma
Author index
417